How to Remove Blackheads: Causes, Treatments & Prevention Tips from Dermatologists

Blackheads are stubborn black dots that are fairly visible on the nose and chin area. It is one of the most common pore concerns that affects many. But with the right approach, you can manage blackheads and prevent them from spreading. You can always consult with a dermatologist for effective treatment. But if you are willing to manage it on your own, then this blog will guide you on how to remove blackheads (including how to get rid of blackheads on the nose) and ways to prevent them.

What are blackheads?

Blackheads are mostly tiny plugs of oil, also called sebum, dead skin cells and debris stuck in a pore. The tip of the blackhead looks dark because its content is exposed to air. Because of this, it oxidises and becomes visible on the skin. They commonly occur where oil glands are dense. So you may see more of them on the nose area, along with the chin and forehead.

What causes blackheads?

Here are some of the most common reasons that can lead to the development of blackheads on the face.

• Excess Oil: Due to hormones, genetic conditions or climate, there can be an increase in sebum production. This can cause blackheads. 

• Friction: Wearing a tight mask, touching compressed pores, or wearing helmets can also cause blackheads.

• Comedogenic products: Heavy usage of sunscreen, hair pomades or heavy makeup can clog pores, causing blackheads.

• Slow Cell Turnover: Dead cells can pile up on the face and mix with sebum to form a plug. These types of blackheads are more visible.

Other than this, lifestyle changes like living in a highly humid area, improper cleansing after a workout, or not removing makeup can worsen the condition.

How to manage blackheads

Blackheads are not permanent if managed effectively. A good skincare routine can reduce their numbers and prevent any more from developing. Here is how to manage blackheads.

• Cleansing: Cleanse two times a day with a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser. Pair with salicylic acid (BHA) for oily areas.

• Use Retinoids: Adapalene/retinol can normalise cell turnover. This is vital to prevent new plugs.

• Moisturise: Moisturiser must be a vital part of your skincare routine. Even oily, congested skin requires hydration. Choose a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisture cream that does not clog pores.

• Sunscreen: Add non-comedogenic SPF sunscreen to your daily list whenever you are going out. This prevents dead skin from building up. 

Remember to use chemical exfoliants wisely. Because BHAs can prevent oil from dissolving. This can pile up and clog the pore. A PHA or low-strength AHAs can help to smooth the surface. 

How to remove blackheads

Here are some tricks on how to remove blackheads or nose (or how to remove blackheads anywhere) without damaging the skin.

1. Retinoids: Use this at night; two to three times a week is enough. You can increase the usage if your skin can tolerate it.

2. Clay or Charcoal Mask: You can use a mask once or max twice a week. This will help you get rid of excess oil and loosen debris.

3. BHA leave-ons: Use 1-2% salicylic acid every day once. This prevents pores from dissolving from within.

4. Medical Treatment: If there are too many blackheads, you can visit a Dermatologist for professional blackhead removal. 

When it comes to blackheads, remember not to squeeze them or use harsh scrubs. Do not use suction to vacuum pores or use pore strips. This does not work, and it can irritate your skin.

How to prevent blackheads

Blackheads can be prevented. All you need is some adjustments in your skincare routine and some precautions so that they don’t build up over time.

• If possible, go for non-comedogenic products for all skincare products. Like skin radiance cream, always pick a pore-friendly formula to avoid blackheads.

• When you wake up, cleanse twice. Even if you wear makeup. Go for an oil/balm cleanser first and then use a water-based cleanser.

• If you are going to the gym or working out, cleanse soon after sweating. Don’t let the dirt/residue settle on your face.

Do not use your hand to pick or push the scar. It can irritate the skin without your knowledge. A pea-sized retinoid every night can control pore clogging. But this shows results in the long term.

How do you get rid of deep blackheads?

Deep blackheads are more stubborn, which may require medical treatment. You can keep your skin clean through a consistent skincare routine. But it is recommended to take professional advice. Here is what you can do.

• Go for prescription-strength retinoids. You will need to visit a dermatologist for the same.

• You can also go for direct extraction treatment, which can clear deep blackheads from the nose and cheeks.

• You can also try BHA/AHA chemical peels to speed up cell turnover. This may help to some extent.

Additional tips to prevent Blackheads

Sometimes, additional products and the way skin responds to them can also lead to blackheads. This can be prevented with some minor adjustments. Start by checking your hair care products. What oil are you using? What styling cream ingredients are? If blackheads are developing on the forehead, then chances are your hair care products are behind the issue. Make sure it does not touch your forehead skin.

Use clean and washed pillows. Change pillow cases regularly. If you are staying in a humid climate, then wear lightweight clothes. And if you are in a dry climate, then use a light moisturiser. Make sure your skin does not remain dehydrated for long. Eat a low-glycemic diet, which can help to some extent.